Electrostatic flocking is a surface decoration method that polarizes the fiber fluff through electrostatic field, and the polarized fluff is upright on the surface of the gluing substrate along the power line, and is fixed on the surface of the substrate after drying. Through electrostatic flocking, the surface of wood-based panel substrate can be beautified, and the defects on the surface of the substrate can be covered, increasing the variety of wood-based panel surface. At the same time, flocking products also have the functions of light absorption, sound insulation, heat preservation, etc. Flocking products have a similar style to embroidery, and are suitable for interior decoration, such as walls, ceilings, countertops, etc. They can be used for furniture decoration, protection of the surface of instruments, meters, musical instruments and other commodities, and can also be made into arts and crafts, such as calligraphy, painting, patterns and other surfaces with three-dimensional sense.

Flocking materials are mainly short fluff, long fluff, silk offal, cotton, chemical fiber and other materials. As flocking materials, these fiber materials should have good conductivity. Generally, they need to go through humidity control or chemical treatment. The fluff fibers need to be rinsed and dyed, and their specifications are 0.2~0.3 mm in length and 4~8 mm in length. The adhesives used for flocking include protein glue, white latex, synthetic resin glue, etc.

Electrostatic Flocking Processing Method

Flocking can be divided into descending method, ascending method, lateral leap method and upward and downward leap method according to the different direction of fluff flying. More than 80% of flocking processing equipment in China use the descending method, so the descending method is taken as an example to illustrate its working principle. Its upper plate is a plate type metal mesh frame, and its lower plate is a metal plate bracket, which is paved with a base cloth to be flocked with screen printed adhesive. The upper and lower plates are respectively connected to the positive and negative output ends of the high-voltage electrostatic generator with wires. The fluff in the hopper falls on the negative electrode of the metal mesh due to the rotation of the hair supply shaft. The villi are electrified due to contact with the negative electrode during the falling process, resulting in partial arrangement in the direction of the electric field. At the same time, the villus is polarized in the electric field, and the charges with the same polarity as the negative electrode are concentrated at the end far from the negative electrode, while the positive charges are concentrated at the end near the negative electrode. When the villus contacts with the negative electrode, because the conductivity of the electrode is higher than that of the villus, a conductive current will be generated in the fiber, and the villus will generate a negative static charge, which makes the villus have great straightness and flight in the electric field. The villus will vertically fall onto the substrate with the adhesive pattern printed on the screen at a high speed, forming a beautiful pile image. In electrostatic flocking, besides being electrified due to contact, the fuzz is electrified due to polarization when it enters the electric field, which ensures that the fuzz moves towards the positive electrode plate, promotes the fuzz to rotate continuously in a uniform electric field, and makes the fuzz stand upright on the surface of the substrate instead of lying flat on the surface.